Are we living in the Matrix?
Are we living in the Matrix?
I don’t mean the actual Matrix, run by maniacal robots using humans as batteries while we live out a simulacrum of life on Earth. But rather, the concept that our reality isn’t really ‘real.’
This concept is a provocative one on so many levels, and the truth is that there is just so much of science that has been leading us in this direction lately.
A significant group of futurists and renowned scientists firmly believe that we are living in a simulation: Elon Musk, Neil Degrasse Tyson, and even myself, but that’s not really a good reason for you to buy into the theory, nor am I necessarily proselytizing, but let’s take an objective look at some of the evidence:
The Mandela Effect
This was incorporated into a few popular books and movies, but if you’ve never heard of it, the Mandela Effect is the phenomenon where a collective group of people misremember events in history. The classic example is that a lot of people claim to remember Nelson Mandela dying in the 80s when in fact he died in 2013. Some people claim that this is evidence that our simulators are actively traveling back in time and altering history, or at least, evidence that there are parallel universes, which itself is a concept with strong ties to a simulated reality. A quantum computer simulation would likely simulate multiple variations of events in order to arrive at a desirable outcome. The question is what is considered desirable, and to whom?
The Fermi Paradox: Where Are All The Aliens?
Maybe there aren’t any—in this simulation. We might be the only civilization in what only looks like a vast universe. What about those points of light you see in the sky that we call stars? They could just be part of the backdrop of the simulation, a way to fool us into thinking we’re a part of something much bigger than we actually are. Simulating the rest of the universe at a great distance from us is actually relatively easy. There isn’t a lot of detail that we can see with telescopes. It’s not like we can actually travel to Alpha Centauri and go walk around on its planets. The sheer vastness of space and the difficulty we have in crossing those distances might just be an element of the simulation that’s designed to keep us contained in a manageable space, one that doesn’t overtax the resources of whatever supercomputer is running it all.
The Double-slit Experiment
Photons fired at a screen through two slits in a copper plate produce an interference pattern on the screen, behaving like a wave and passing through both slits at the same time. But if we conduct the same experiment under observation (remote, human, mechanical—doesn’t matter who or what is observing the photons): the photons behave like particles, and only pass through one of the slits, leaving no interference pattern on the screen. Electrons exhibit the same strange behavior. So what’s happening? Some say that this effect is the code of the simulation conserving resources by only simulating what it needs to. Video games today do this to great effect, only rendering what you can see at any given moment.
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Computers and Video Games Are Advancing Rapidly
In just a few short decades, we’ve gone from 2D games like Space Invaders, Pong, and Pac-Man to this:
Given another 50 or 100 years, video games will become indistinguishable from reality. Seeing this trend in 2003, Nick Bostrom, a philosopher from the University of Oxford, put forth a compelling argument for the idea that we might all be living in a simulation. He used the principles of statistics and logic to support his argument, but the basic gist of it was that it’s easy to imagine how members of an advanced civilization would have the ability to create a simulated world like ours, but not just one such world—they would be able to create many, many simulated worlds like this one.
Nick Bostrom, therefore, argued that the vast majority of realities would be artificial ones, simply because there is only one ‘real’ world, and it cannot be multiplied or used to spawn new ones. But advanced civilizations can certainly create thousands or even millions of simulated universes within one real universe. So, statistically speaking, it becomes more likely that we are living in a simulated reality rather than a real one. Bostrom suggested that perhaps we are living in an ancestor simulation created by a far future version of humanity.
There Are Error-Correcting Codes in the Fundamental Equations of String Theory
Theoretical Physicist James Gates thinks he’s found error-correcting computer codes in the equations of string theory. These types of codes are common in web browsers, and in the error-correcting memory of computer servers, but what is error-correcting code doing in the base code of our universe?
Conclusion
I could go on and on about this, but I won’t bore you with endless speculations and implications based on scraps of evidence. I’ll write a book about it, instead ;). But whether you believe we could be living in a simulation or not, I encourage you to think about the bigger questions behind that idea. Ironically, they’re the same questions we’ve been asking since the dawn of time: why are we here? What is the possible purpose of it all? Is there a God? I’ve come up with a few disturbing possibilities as to the why of it below:
- We’re prisoners from a far future society of humanity. We’re being rehabilitated in a relatively short-term (insert your hypothetical lifespan here) simulation, or else we’re just here to separate us from the ‘real’ reality and the ‘real’ people in a humane way that doesn’t allow us to hurt anyone. Our degree of suffering down here might even be commensurate with some type of sentence or eye-for-an-eye justice system.
- We’re bored immortal post-humans (humans who have uploaded their consciousness to android bodies, or to a supercomputer) living in a metaverse of countless different simulations. So why all the pain and struggle in this particular simulation? Maybe we got bored of having it easy. Think about it: if you never had to struggle, never felt pain, never suffered, would you appreciate anything anymore? A simulation like this one might be the equivalent of thrill-seeking for an immortal intelligence. That said, I don’t think anyone would choose to be a starving child in Africa. It’s possible that some of the people on Earth are the equivalent of NPCs in a game (non-player characters), which means that they only appear to suffer and aren’t really real, but that’s a dangerous line of thinking to incorporate into an actual philosophy of life. You don’t know who might be real and who isn’t, so you can’t make any assumptions without committing grave errors in judgment. Plus, this is just a wacky theory, so yeah. There’s that.
- Humans digitize and become immortal machines. Then what? How do you have kids? You can’t. You could program them, but they would have no notion of what it’s like to be a human. It’s likely that you would find them and their worldview utterly alien to your own (having once been a human yourself, you have that context as a base level of programming that underlies your decisions and personality). So this simulation could be a way to train and educate the ‘children’ of a race of post-human androids in matters of empathy, humanity, mortality, etc.
And finally, you may or may not be religious, but if what we think is reality is actually simulated, then there is a creator behind it all. And if this is a simulation, then any version of supernatural events becomes quite possible. Not only that, there could be a super intelligence behind it all, an AI that created the simulation and governs it. That AI would be God by all of our classical definitions. And if that AI also runs the ‘real’ world / base reality as some kind of benevolent ruler, then it would be a kind of God in that reality, too. Of course, there could be an evil AI as well. Maybe some rebels who didn’t like how things were being run in the metaverse programmed their own super-intelligent AI to run things differently. Sounds familiar somehow… I’m not saying that’s what’s going on behind the curtains, but the fact is that anything is possible.
Unfortunately, there’s no way to find out for sure without dying first. Don’t worry, I promise I won’t say I told you so when we’re all back in the base reality again.
Until then, my advice is to be the best version of yourself that you can, because one of the more frightening possibilities is that we are all prisoners in here, and if that’s so, then proving our successful rehabilitation might be the only way we’re ever getting out.
Jasper Scott is a USA Today bestselling author of more than 20 sci-fi novels including the best selling First Encounter, The New Frontiers trilogy and Dark Space series. With over a million books sold, Jasper's work has been translated into various languages and published around the world.
Jasper writes fast-paced books with unexpected twists and flawed characters. He was born and raised in Canada by South African parents, with a British heritage on his mother's side and German on his father's. He now lives in an exotic locale with his wife, their two kids, and two chihuahuas.
Jasper, your mind is just awesome. If we all were as intelligent as you, the world would be better than anyone could imagine!
I’m not sure I should accept the compliment for fear of my head getting too big, but I’ll take it anyway ;).